It is difficult to kill people with literature. Nor will a written text protect you from someone who wants to kill you. You cannot eat it. If you're dressing up in literature, you’ll be using the paper to cover your body, not the words. Literature is useless.
Now, try to imagine literature not in English, Spanish, or Chinese, but in two dying idioms like Italian and German. There are still people who produce literature in these languages. Others even translate literary works between them.
The usefulness in such cases must be calculated as a limit approaching zero. One does not simply produce useless things in a useless language, one also transposes uselessness from one useless medium into another. Endlessly. Uselessly. This is culture.
Have you ever been to an early eighteenth-century landscape park in Germany? Someone might tell you there are ancient ruins hidden inside. But maybe you won't find them. Back then, people used to travel to Italy as part of their education. They returned with Roman sculptures, fragments of columns, bits of stone, carried home in their luggage, and placed them in their parks. Some they buried beneath the paths. You won’t see them. But maybe you’ll sense them, as a shudder or a reminder of something we will never know. This is culture.
Thus, when considering the use of colors in literary works in a minor language, we are entering the field of culture. The German writer Elfriede Jelinek, Nobel laureate, in her novel "The Piano Teacher" describes the color of a girl's cheeks as 'carmine'.
Carmine is associated with blood and is also known as the color reserved to Catholic cardinals (who are, presumably, willing to shed their blood for Christ). Yet we see it everywhere on the lips of men, women, and anyone who wears gloss. Blood and make up: carmine may be associated with love.
Jelinek’s Piano Teacher seems visibly disturbed by the presence of a young man, and the narrator notes: "Karminrot setzt sich auf ihre Backenknochen" (p. 139) — carmine red settles on her cheekbones. The expression is striking: carmine, the deep red of blood or cosmetics, “settles” as though physically resting on the bone, blurring the line between natural flush and applied makeup. Might be a blush of irritation, of desire, or love.
In the Italian translation the sentence becomes: "Le sue guance s'inporporano", her cheeks turn purple or rather her cheeks blush. This is, in Italian, a very common expression of something very normal. Purple could be associated to dignity or to death, but in this context no association at all will call for attention.
In translating, we crossed a border. Common language, light as the day on the one side. On the other a zone of twinkling light, reminders of all we will never know.
Erika Jellinek: Die Klavierspielerin, Reinbek bei Hamburg 1986 (rowohlt)
italiano: La pianista, Milano (ES, poi Mondadori) 2002.
Wear my love like heaven (Wear my love like)
Wear my love like heaven (Wear my love)
Carmine
Carmine
(Donovan)